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The Federal Law was drafted in order to implement presidential executive orders N. 603 of April 28, 2008 On the Pilot Project to Establish the National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, and N. 1084 of September 30, 2009 On Additional Measures to Implement the Pilot Project to Establish the National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, and was submitted by the Russian Government. 

The law aims to create the conditions for the National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute to function effectively as a key element in the national innovation system. Implementation of the law will make it possible to unite and concentrate the possibilities of unique nuclear physics installations and research centres, as well as resources allocated for their development and for supporting work on economic modernisation tasks and speeding up the commercialisation of research results.

The law defines the specific terms of the National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute’s establishment, its legal status, and financing procedures. The centre will be established at the Federal State Institution Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute. It will be a public-sector institution funded by the federal budget and classified as one of the country’s most important scientific centres. The Russian Federation Government will hold the founder’s powers. The law defines the centre’s aims and main functions, management structure and procedures for its formation, and regulations on the centre’s participation in economic associations.