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The Government of the Russian Federation has been instructed to make provisions for devising separate federal projects to develop key knowledge intensive technologies within the framework of national projects that aim to ensure technological leadership. It should also specify projects for advanced training and retraining skilled human resources in the relevant fields and include target indicators for the manufacture of specific products and the provision of services utilising important knowledge intensive technology.

Additionally, instructions for the Government concern the inclusion of measures to improve the teaching of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology in the national project Youth and Children; providing housing for scientists and science teachers at higher education institutions in modern campuses being created; estimating federal budget expenditures for implementing civilian research and development projects for at least six years, starting from 2025; applying reduced profit tax rates and insurance premiums to organisations that manufacture specialised technological equipment, components, and expendable materials for the radio-electronic industry; coordinating national projects in the field of human resources and scientific support with the Commission on Science and Technological Development of the Russian Federation.

The Government should also submit proposals for establishing an integrated science and technology infrastructure in the Commonwealth of Independent States and the BRICS interstate association.

The Government, together with the Russian Academy of Sciences, has been instructed to study the issue of streamlining the regulatory and legal framework for the use of plant protection means for new varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops.

The Government of the Russian Federation, together with the Russian Science Foundation, has been instructed to develop and implement an integrated programme for employing leading scientists and young researchers at Russian higher education institutions and research organisations (the mega-grants programme), providing for additional annual federal budget allocations starting from 2025 for its implementation, as well as mechanisms for attracting private investment to implement this integrated programme.

The Government of the Russian Federation, together with the Russian Foundation for Technological Development, has been instructed to submit proposals for supporting national producers that introduce the results of research and development projects into production.

The Government of the Russian Federation, together with the Presidential Executive Office, regional executive agencies and the Russian Science Foundation, has been instructed to develop and implement measures to involve leading researchers and specialists, including foreign citizens, in research and development projects on Russian territory, in particular projects related to the creation of unique scientific units, including mega-science units. They should create favourable living conditions for these individuals and their families, including provision of housing and simplified procedures for entering and working in the Russian Federation. To facilitate this, they should expand the practice of issuing electronic visas.

The Government of the Russian Federation and the Presidential Executive Office have been instructed to develop a financial model for maintaining and effectively utilising laboratories established during the employment of leading scientists and young researchers at Russian higher education institutions and research organisations who have successfully completed the relevant projects.