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The treaty, signed in Kiev on January 28, 2003, is a framework document determining the state border between the two countries on land, including rivers and lakes, and the fundamental approach to the issues connected with the Black and Azov seas and the Kerch Strait.

The line of the state border has been mapped as a result of the joint work on the demarcation of the border carried out by the Russian and Ukrainian demarcation commissions.

The basis of the border is the administrative boundary between the RSFSR and the Ukrainian SSR at the time of the dissolution of the USSR, which is to be sealed by corresponding state legal documents.

The description of the passage of the state border and the atlas of the maps of the state border between the Russian Federation and Ukraine have been made and agreed upon, and form an inalienable part of the treaty.